Nonfluoroscopic sensor-guided navigation of intracardiac electrophysiology catheters within prerecorded cine loops.

Conventional fluoroscopy is the main imaging technology that allows for intracardiac device manipulation in a variety of interventional cardiovascular procedures. Besides the associated x-ray exposure for patients and staff, that technology only provides 2D orientations. Therefore, 3D mapping technologies have been introduced to facilitate spatial orientation within complex cardiac anatomies. Especially in interventional electrophysiology (EP), theses technologies have become clinical routine applications.1,2 However, until today, such technologies represent independent systems unrelated to the most fundamental real-time catheter visualization provided by fluoroscopy. We report the first in-human application of a new mapping technology allowing 3D EP catheter tracking in full integration with conventional fluoroscopy imaging.